“An action is right if it tends to promote happiness.” Which philosophy supports this notion?
A. existentialism
B. pragmatic
C. constructivist
D. utilitarianist
D. According to utilitarianism, an action is right if it tends to promote happiness and wrong if it tends to produce the reverse of happiness – not just the happiness of the performer of the action but also that of everyone affected by the said action.
Which among the following philosophies is the most student-centered?
A. Perennialism
B. Progressivism
C. Behaviorism
D. Existentialism
B. Progressivism. Progressivist teachers teach according to the needs of the students and skills to cope with change through experiential learning so that students may live life fully now. Teaching according to the needs of the students means the teacher considers, respects and addresses the individual differences of the learners, their interest, talents, potentials, strengths, weaknesses and various learning styles towards a more meaningful, more relevant and more successful teaching-and-learning process.
Teacher teach through a variety of options and choices in order to help students understand and appreciate themselves as unique individuals by creating an environment which they freely choose their own preferred way. This is the goal of _____.
A. Perennialism
B. Progressivism
C. Pragmatism
D. Existentialism
D. As explained in the previous page, existentialism as a philosophy stresses that man has the freedom and independence in the accomplishment of his own destiny. He has the choice to live life the way he wanted to it be lived. In line with that, existentialist teachers teach through a variety of options and choices in order to help students understand and appreciate themselves as unique individuals by creating an environment which they freely choose their own preferred way.
“Education is not a preparation for life, it is life.”
A. Perennialism
B. Progressivism
C. Behaviorism
D. Essentialism
B. Progressivism. The line above came from the mouth of John Dewey. John Dewey is the main proponent of progressivism. He asserted that “education is not a preparation for life, it is life.” He believed that the main goal of education is “to teach according to the needs of the students and skills to cope with change through experiential learning so that students may live life fully NOW.” In other words, for John Dewey, education is not all about tomorrow, education is all about today.
According to this philosophy, to learn means to acquire understanding of the great and everlasting works of civilizations.
A. Perennialism
B. Progressivism
C. Pragmatism
D. Existentialism
A. Perennialism. The word “perennial” literally means everlasting, ageless or eternal. In this philosophy, teachers teach to develop the learners’ rational and moral power. They are generalists and teach history’s most timeless concepts.
Man is condemned to be free; because once thrown into the world, he is responsible for everything he does.
A. Essentialism
B. Behaviorism
C. Existentialism
D. Pragmatism
C. The line above is one of the famous quotes of Jean Paul Sartre. And Jean Paul Sartre is the main proponent of existentialism. As discussed above, existentialism as a philosophy stresses that man has the freedom and independence in the accomplishment of his own destiny.
All of the classmates of Ana cheat in the exam when their teacher goes out from the classroom. As a result, Ana also cheats, opens her notes and shares answers with her friends. This situation exemplifies _____.
A. Essentialism
B. Behaviorism
C. Existentialism
D. Pragmatism
B. Behaviorism. Unlike item no. 113, Ana this time is affected by her environment. She imitates the behavior of her classmates and cheats in the exam just like they do. For this reason, item no. 114 exemplifies behaviorism. It can be recalled that behaviorism as a school of thought asserts that man is a product of one’s environment and that we can shape one’s behavior by controlling his or her environment.
All of the classmates of Ana cheat in the exam when their teacher goes out from the classroom. However, Ana chooses to remain honest and minds her own work because she believes that she does not have to follow the behavior of her classmates.
A. Essentialism
B. Behaviorism
C. Existentialism
D. Pragmatism
C. Existentialism. The choice of Ana to remain honest and her freedom to behave in the classroom the way she wanted to behave justify why the answer is existentialism. She is not affected by her classmates or her environment. Instead, she chooses to mind her own work. As explained in the previous item, existentialism as a philosophy stresses that man has the freedom and independence in the accomplishments of his own destiny. He has the choice to live life the way he wanted to it be lived.
Who is the main proponent of progressivism?
A. William Bagley
B. John Watson
C. Jean Paul Sartre
D. John Dewey
D. John Dewey is commonly known as the main proponent of progressivism. As defined in the previous item, progressivism as a philosophy stresses that teachers teach for learners to live fully by employing experiential methods since they believe that ‘one learns by doing”.
This man is widely recognized as the Father of Behaviorism.
A. William Bagley
B. John Watson
C. Jean Paul Sartre
D. John Dewey
B. John Watson is the Father of Behaviorism. Behaviorism as a school of thought asserts that man is a product of one’s environment and that we can shape one’s behavior by controlling his or her environment.
